Secondary Glomerulonephritis

 SECONDARY GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Secondary glomerulonephritis is glomerular disease that is secondary to other dis-ease processes.

Diabetes causes nodular glomerulosclerosis, hyaline arteriolosclerosis, and diabetic microangiopathy. Clinically, diabetic patients may develop microalbuminuria that can progress to nephrotic syndrome.


Systemic lupus erythematosus can cause various patterns of damage to the kidney with clinical features that can include hematuria, nephritic syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, and renal failure.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Overview of Pathology

Image
  Definitions The study of the essential nature of disease, including symptoms/signs, patho-genesis, complications, and morphologic consequences including structural and functional alterations in cells, tissues, and organs   The study of all aspects of the disease process focusing on the pathogenesis leading to classical structural changes (gross and histopathology) and molecu-lar alterations   The  etiology  (cause) of a disease may be genetic or environmental. The  pathogen-esis  of a disease defines the temporal sequence and the patterns of cellular injurythat lead to disease.  Morphologic  changes of the disease process include both gross changes and microscopic changes. The  clinical significance  of a disease relates to its signs and symptoms, disease course including complications, and prognosis. Methods Used Gross examination  of organs on exam questions has 2 major components: identify-ing the organ and identifying the...
Read more

Carcinogenesis

Image
  CARCINOGENESIS Carcinogenesis  is a multistep process, and development of all human cancersappears to require the accumulation of multiple genetic changes. These changes can involve either inherited germline mutations or acquired mutations. Once a sin-gle severely mutated cell forms, monoclonal expansion of the cell’s line can cause a tumor. Most important mutations in tumorogenesis involve growth promoting genes (proto-oncogenes), growth inhibiting tumor suppressor genes, or the genes regulating apoptosis and senescence. Activation of growth promoting oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes are normal cellulargenes involved with growth and cellular differentiation. Oncogenes are derived from proto-oncogenes by either a change in the gene sequence, resulting in a new gene product (oncoprotein), or a loss of gene regulation resulting in overexpression of the normal gene product. Mechanisms of oncogene activation include point muta-tions, chromosomal translocations, gene amplification, and...
Read more

Malignant Neoplasms

Image
  MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS Carcinoma of the breast  is the most common cancer in women and affects 1 in 9   women in the United States. It is also the second most common cause of cancer death. The incidence is increasing and is higher in the United States than in Japan. Many risk factors have been identified.   The incidence increases with the following factors:   •           Age   •           Unusually long/intense exposure to estrogens (long length of reproductive life, nulliparity, obesity, exogenous estrogens)   •           Presence of proliferative fibrocystic changes, especially  atypical hyperplasia   •           First-degree relative with breast cancer   Hereditary influences are thought to be involved in 5–10% of  breast cancers, with important genes a...
Read more